Beta-lactam extended infusions, Monte Carlo simulation for target attainment, PKPD breakpoints for resistant organisms.
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, CRAB, CRPA — treatment algorithms and newer beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations.
Azole TDM (voriconazole, posaconazole), echinocandin dosing, new antifungals (ibrexafungerp, olorofim), and prophylaxis strategies.
Long-acting injectable regimens (cabotegravir + rilpivirine), drug interactions with CAB/RPV, and PrEP adherence pharmacology.
ASP metrics, IV-to-oral conversion programmes, duration-of-therapy optimisation, and pharmacist-led stewardship in outpatient settings.
Antibiotic dosing in obesity, CRRT, ECMO, and neonatal ID pharmacology — PK/PD considerations across critical care settings.
| Drug | Class | Key indication | PK/PD index |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ceftazidime-avibactam | BL/BLI | KPC, OXA-48 CRE | %T>MIC |
| Meropenem-vaborbactam | BL/BLI | KPC CRE | %T>MIC |
| Imipenem-cilastatin-relebactam | BL/BLI | Non-ESBL Gram-negatives, CRPA | %T>MIC |
| Cefiderocol | Siderophore cephalosporin | Acinetobacter, CRPA, CRE | %T>MIC (fCmax) |
| Ibrexafungerp | Triterpenoid antifungal | Vulvovaginal candidiasis, salvage IFI | AUC/MIC |
| Olorofim | Orotomide antifungal | Invasive aspergillosis (salvage) | AUC/MIC |